Ingeso ziba nyinshi, inziza ndetse n’imbi. Muri iyi nkuru turibanda ku ngeso ebyiri zitari nziza, iyo kubeshya ndetse n’ iyo kwiba. Mu bihugu byateye imbere izi ngeso zifatwa nk’indwara kandi zikomeye cyane zikaba zisaba kujya kureba umuhanga mu bijyanye n’imitekererereze ya muntu (psycologue) cyangwa se umuhanga mu bijyendanye n’indwara zo mu mutwe (psychiatre) kugirango umuntu abashe gukira iyo ndwara.
Duhereye ku ndwara yo kwiba “Cleptomanie”, urwaye iyi ndwara yitwa “Cleptomane” ni indwara ikurura umuntu kwiba ibikoresho bitandukanye,akenshi atari uko abikeneye (kuko akenshi ntacyo abikoresha, biguma aho abibitse gusa) ahubwo ari uko yishimiye gutwara iby’abandi, iki gikorwa gishobora gukorerwa ahantu aho ariho hose ariko cyane cyane mu masoko ya kijyambere (super marché) cyangwa se ku nshuti zabo ndetse n’ ahandi hatandukanye. Nyuma y’icyo gikorwa akenshi umutimanama w’uwagikoze umucira urubanza agakomeza yibaza impamvu yibye icyo gikoresho hakaba hari n’ubwo ashobora kugisubiz nyiracyo, kabone n’iyo nyir’ukwibwa yaba atazi ko yibwe.Aho umuntu urwaye iyo ndwara “Cleptomane” atandukaniye n’umujura usanzwe nuko we aba yifuza gutunga iby’abandi ndetse akaba yiba ku giti cye (ataba mudutsiko tw’abajura) ikirushijeho kandi ni uko we ashobora kugusubiza icyo yakwibye bitewe nuko yumvishe ameze nyuma yo kukwiba icyo gikoresho. Naho umujura usanzwe we yiba kubera impamvu z’ubukene akenshi. Uyu muntu ufite iyi ndwara yiba akenshi ibintu bitamufitiye akamaro ashobora no guta nyuma y’ uko abyibye, ashobora kuba ari n’ umukire.
Abashakashatsi bo muri Kaminuza ya Minnesota yo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, bishyize hamwe kugirango bamenye neza icyaba gitera iyi ndwara, nyuma y’igihe kitari gito baje kuvumbura ko iyo ndwara yaba iterwa no kuba umuntu yaba yarahuye n’ibibazo byo kuba atarahawe agaciro ndetse ataritaweho mu gihe yari akiri muto bityo rero bikamukurikirana kugeze mu bukuru aribwo akenshi atangira iyo ngeso.
Aba bahanga kandi baje gutangaza mu mwaka wa 2009 ko iyi ndwara ya “Cleptomanie” yabonewe umuti. Mbese bitakiri ngombwa ko agomba kujya kureba umuhanga mu bijyendanye n’imitekerereze ya muntu (psycologue) kuko ari wo wari umuti wari uhari kugeza icyo gihe. Ubwo buryo bwari bugoye cyane kuko benshi mu bafite icyo kibazo batemeraga ko barwaye cyangwa se bafite ikibazo ngo babe bashaka abajyanama mu by’ihungabana cyangwa se uburwayi bwo mu mutwe.
Naho indwara yo kubeshya yo “Mythomanie” urwaye iyi ndwara yitwa “Mythomane” ni ingeso isa n’aho yahindutse ikintu cyoroshye cyane ndetse ikaba isigaye ifitwe n’abantu benshi, kuri ubu ikaba ikorerwa cyane ku ma telefoni. Akenshi ukora icyo gikorwa cyo kubeshya ntago akenshi amenya ko yabeshye kuko aba adashobora gutandukanya ibitekerezo bye by’ibinyoma n’ukuri, hakaba n’ubwo abeshya atabigambiriye, ari nabyo bimubaho kenshi. Ibinyoma bye ntago biba bigamije kubeshya byo kugirira nabi umuntu uwo ariwe wese ahubwo aba agamije kwemeza buri muntu wese ukuri kuri mubyo atekereza, bikaba kandi aribyo bimuha amahoro.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe hagamije kumenya igitera iyi ndwara , haje kuvumburwa ko iyi ndwara yo kubeshya yaba iterwa no kuba umuntu yaragize ikibazo gimeye cyamubayeho kandi mu buryo butunguranye akaba aribyo byatuma ukuri gushira muri uwo muntu. Twafata urugero nk’urupfu rw’umuvandimwe cyangwa se umubyeyi,kuba yarahemukiwe n’uwo bashakanye, cyane cyane kuba yarafashwe ku ngufu n’ umubyeyi akanamutera ubwoba ngo ntagire icyo avuga.
Mu kubeshya kwe, hari ukuri aba ashaka guhisha kandi aba akeneye ko abandi bemera ibyo avuze kugirango nawe abashe kubyemera (nkuko hejuru twabivuze nawe ntamenya ko yabeshye). Iyi ndwara yo isaba ko umuntu yajya kureba umuhanga mu bijyendanye n’uburwayi bwo mu mutwe (psychiatre). Kuko nta muti wari waboneka w’iyo ndwara kugeza ubu, uyu muganga niwe wabasha gufasha urwaye iyi ndwara afatanyije n’umurwayi cyangwa abazi imibereheo ye (kuko ku bantu bose batari kimwe, batanahura na bimwe mu buzima) hanyuma bakakibonera igisubizo.
Kuba izi ndwara zose zifatwa nk’izifitanye isano n’ibibazo byomu mutwe, ari nabyo bituma zifatwa nk’indwara mpushabushake (involontaires) ni uko abazifite baba batarahisemo kuba batyo, kandi nta n’imbaraga (effort) baba bashyizemo kugira ngo bibone bagenza batyo.
Habaho ariko n’abana batangira kugaragaza ibimenyetso bya bimwe muri ubu burwayi bakiri bato, umubyeyi ubibonye ku mwana we, agomba kwegera abajyanama ku by’ihungabana (psychologues sociales/ counselors) cyangwa se abahanga mu by’uburwayi bwo mu mutwe (psychiatres) mu gihe byaba bikabije. Haba ubwo umwana muto yaba abiterwa n’uko nyina yabayeho amutwite, cyangwa hakaba izindi mpamvu zasesengurwa n’abo bahanga babizobereye.
Wabwirwa n’iki ko umwana wawe afite ikibazo giteye gitya?
Indi mpamvu ituma bishyirwa mu burwayi bwo mu mutwe ni uko hari ubwo n’umuntu ashobora kuba afite ibimenyetso akiri muto ariko bitagaragara, akazabigaragaza akuze. Hari abo bigaragara kare cyane, ugasanga umwana akora utwo tuntu duto nko gufata ibintu by’abandi bana akabihisha iminsi n’iminsi bikazatahurwa bitinze cyangwa bikazimira burundu, hakaba n’ubwo ababyeyi babura ibintu akinumira kandi ari we wabihishe cyangwa wabitwaye n’ubwo ntacyo yaba afite cyo kubimaza. Bene abo usanga hari ababyeyi n’abandi bantu babakoreshaho imvugo-pfobya bati “Nimukareke kariya kavutse kadashyitse ... kavutse ari akagoryi, … karacanganyukiwe…) Izi mvugo ntizikwiye, abo bana ntibabyikoresha, baba bafite ikibazo. Hari n’abandi bana baba bakiri bato, ugasanga ku myaka atangiye guca akenge ku rwego rwa cyana, ahakana ibintu byose, uwo nawe ni uwo gukurikiranirwa hafi.
Abahanga mu burwayi bwo mu mutwe no mu mitekerereze ya muntu (Psychologie, Psychiatrie, psychanalyse, Psychopathologie, …) bemeza ko uburwayi bwo mu mutwe umuntu abuterwa ahanini n’ibidasanzwe yanyuzemo mu buzima, hakaba ababuterwa n’imivukire mibi (uburyo budakwiye bukoreshwa bavuka bakangirika ubwo), hakaba na bake bavukana ibibazo (anomalies) bibatera kuzahura n’ubwo burwayi. Bongeraho ko muri rusange hari ibitabasha gukira, ariko ibyinshi iyo bikurikiranywe hakiri kare bibasha gukira cyangwa ikibazo kikoroha.
Inkuru ya Igihe.com
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