Menya indwara ya tifoyide

Indwara ya tifoyide ituruka ku kunywa, kurya cyangwa gukoresha amazi n’ibiribwa byateguranywe umwanda kandi ni indwara izahaza uyirwaye ndetse ikaba inandura vuba.

Indwara ya tifoyide iterwa n’agakoko kitwa Salmonella typhus kaba mu mazi n'amafunguro yanduye, bityo tifoyide igaterwa no kurya ibiryo byandujwe n’imyanda cyangwa inkari by’umurwayi, ndetse no ku mbuto zandujwe n’amazi asa nabi, kimwe n’imboga zanduye, mu gihe cy’ikoreshwa ry’imiti imwe n’imwe ndetse amata n’ibiyakomokaho byanduye.

Iyi ndwara yiganje cyane cyane mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere byo ku migabane ya Afurika, Aziya na Amerika y’Amajyepfopfo. Impamvu nyamukuru ikaba ari ikibazo cy'iterambere rikeya ry'ibikorwa remezo, hakaba hagaragara ikibazo cy'amazi meza.
Ibimenyetso

Tifoyide igaragazwa no kugira umuriro mwinshi ushobora kuzamuka ukagera kuri dogere selisiyusi 40, mu nda no mu muhogo. Ibyo byiyongeraho umunaniro mwinshi, kugira iseseme, kuribwa umutwe(kunanirwa kurya), kunanirwa kwituma, rimwe na rimwe umurwayi ashobora kuzana amabara y’iroza ku gihimba no mu gatuza.

Nyuma y’amasaha 48 umuntu yanduye iyo ndwara, agira impiswi. Uwanduye tifoyide ashobora kudahita agaragaza ibimenyetso mu gihe kirenga icyumweru, ariko ikwirakwira mu mubiri ari na ko igeza ubwandu mu maraso. Iryo kwirakwira ryayo hari n’aho rigera umuntu ativuje uburozi bwayo bukaba bwatobora inzira y’igogora nk’amara ndetse no kuvirirana, bikaba impamvu y’urupfu ku bativuza. Kuri ubu harabarurwa abarenga miliyoni 30 banduye iyo ndwara, buri mwaka ihitana abagera ku bihumbi 200.

Ingaruka za tifoyide

Ingaruka z’agakoko gatera tifoyide ni nyinshi , iyo mu maraso ishobora gutuma ibihaha birwara umuntu agafatwa n’umusonga kandi bikanagira n’ingaruka ku mikorere y’ubwonko, umutima, impyiko, umwijima, urwungano myibarukiro n’urwungano rw’inkari.

Twakora iki ngo tuyirinde?

Mu kwirinda indwara ya tifoyide ni ngombwa gukoresha amazi meza no kuyobora ayakoreshejwe kugira ngo hakumirwe umwanda kuko ari ubwororokero bw’agakoko Salmonella typhi gatera iyo ndwara.

Ikingira ryayo na ryo ni ngombwa nk’ahahurira abantu benshi nko ku mashuri, muri za gereza, mu bakozi bo mu bitaro cyangwa aberekeza mu bihugu birimo iyo ndwara, hagamijwe kwirinda ko yakomeza guhitana abantu.

Nkuko bitangazwa n'inzobere mu by'ubuzima z’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye eyita ku Buzima (OMS), umubare w'impfu ushobora kugabanuka zikava ku 10% zikagera nko kuri 1% mu gihe isuku yaba yitaweho ku buryo buhagije na buri muryango: Ni ngombwa kunywa amazi atetse, cyangwa asukuye ku bundi buryo, gukaraba intoki buri gihe umuntu avuye mu musarani, mbere yo gufata amafunguro ndetse na nyuma yaho; abantu bakabungabunga amasoko y’amazi n’imiyoboro anyuramo igakorerwa isuku ku buryo buhoraho, kugirira imisarane isuku, no kwitwararika isuku y’ibiribwa haba mu kubitegura no kubiteka.

N’ubwo inama igirwa abantu ari ukwita ku isuku, ni ngombwa no kujya kwa muganga, kuko indwara zemezwa burundu ko ari zo iyo zapimwe, zikaba ari na bwo zikira ku buryo bwizewe: Abarwayi bagera ku 10% bativuje bakomeza kugira uruhare mu iyororoka ku buryo mu gihe kiri hagati y’amezi abiri n’atatu abantu bari hagati ya 2% na 5% bakomeza kuba batagaragaraho uburwayi bw’iyo ndwara ariko bitabujije ko baba bayanduza abandi, bikaba byanatuma hapfa abantu ku kigereranyo cya 30% iyo nta kwivuza kubayeho.

Related Posts by Categories