Imvo n’imvano y’Amateka y’indwara ya Diyabeti (Diabete)

Mu myaka 2000 ishize indwara ya Diyabeti izwi mu ndwara zikomeye zabayeho kuva kera kuko yagaragaye mu nyandiko z’abanyagiputa mu myaka 1550 mbere ya Yesu Kristo. Hippocrates yavugaga ko Diyabeti ari nk’igihano cy’Imana mu bihe bya kera kubera ko yari indwara idakira. Mu kinyejena cya mbere nyuma yivuka rya Yesu Umugiriki Arataeus yasobanuye neza imiterere y’ububabare yise Diyabeti ndetse n’ijambo ubwaryo rivuga Siphon mu rurimi rw’Ikigiriki akagaragaza ibimenyetso byayo nko gusanga umurwayi ahorana inyota, kwihagarika kenshi cyane, no gutakaza ibiro.

Eugene J.Leopard waje nyuma ya Arataeus we yasobanuye ko amazi ataguma mu mubiri ko ahubwo akoresha umubiri kugira ngo ayasohore ajye hanze. Avuga ko ubuzima bufite igihe cyo kubaho kandi kitari kirekire. Kuba abantu bafite ubu burwayi bwa Diyabeti bashobora kwihagarika bakababara ngo nuko mu gihe umuntu afashe ikinyobwa hari intungamubiri yakira ariko hari tumwe mu duce tw’umubiri duto tugenda dushwanyukira mu nkari.

Abahanga mu bya Fiziki (physique) mu bihe bya kera nka Arataeus bavumbuye ibimenyetso by’iyi ndwara ya diyabeti ariko bari ntibari bafite ubushobozi bwo kuvura iyi ndwara.

Mu kinyejana cya 17 mu mujyi wa Londres umuhanga muri Fiziki (Phyisique) Dr Thomas Willis, yatangiye kujya amenya ko umurwayi afite indwara ya Diyabeti akoresheje inkari ze, nta kindi yakoraga uretse kumva niba zifitemo isukari akareba ibara ryazo, ndetse n’impumuro ubwo akamenya ko uyu muntu arwaye. Ubu buryo bwo gupima isukari iri mu maraso bwakoreshejwe kugeza mu kinyejana cya 20. Abahanga bamwe bakaba baranifashishije ubu buryo mu bupima Diyabeti yiswe Mellitus mu rurimi rw’Ikiratini bisobanura “Honey” bivuga ubuki.

Uretse ingufu zose aba baganga bagiye bakoresha barwanya iyi ndwara ngo abantu ntibabuze kurembywa ndetse no kwicwa n’ubu burwayi bwa Diyabeti. Muri iki kinyejana cya 20 umuganga wa Diyabeti witwa Dr. Frederick Allen we yagaragaje ko bimwe mu bitera ubu burwayi ari ukugira Carori nyinshi mu mubiri akajya afasha abarwayi be abasaba kwimenyereza gufata Carori ziri hasi ya 450 ku munsi ndetse, ibi yarabikomeje ariko abarwayi bakomeza kubabara ndetse bagahora bacitse intege kubera kugira ikibazo cy’imirire mibi.

Muri make abantu benshi bari bafite Diyabeti muri icyo gihe yavugaga ko ibyiza ari uko bafata inama za muganga n’imiti abahaye batitaye ko ntawe yigeze ivura ubundi bagasengera gukira. Mu gitabo cye yise “The Discovery of Insulin” uwitwa Bliss yavuze ko ibiryo cyangwa ibinyobwa bitakagombye gushyirwa imbere mu bitera iyi ndwara agaragaza imfu zibababje zabaye ku bantu bari barwaye iyi ndwara avuga ko bitari ikibazo cy’imirire cyangwa iminywere ko ahubwo ari ikibazo cya insuline nke mu mubiri.
Uwitwa Banting na Best babashije kuvumbura umuti wa “Insuline” ubwo bavuraga umwana w’umuhungu wari ugiye kwitaba Imana, bakaba barashyiriweho umunsi wo kubibuka ndetse akaba ari n’umunsi wizihirizwaho indwara ya Diyabeti tariki ya 14 Ugushyingo buri mwaka. Wikipedia mu nyandiko yayo ivuga ko nubwo Ubu burwayi bwakomeje kuvurwa mu nzira zitandukanye yakomeje guhitana umubare munini w’abantu kugeza mu gihe cya none.

Abashakashatsi b’abanyamerika mu gihe gishize bakaba baravumbuye ubwoko bwa gatatu bwa Diyabeti abantu benshi bakaba bibaza uburemere iyi Diyabeti yaba ifite. Mu myaka icumi ishize abarwayi b’indwara ya Diyabeti bakaba barakomeje kugenda biyongera.

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